{"id":8388,"date":"2021-06-23T01:43:56","date_gmt":"2021-06-23T01:43:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/nuoc-mam-la-gi\/"},"modified":"2021-06-23T01:43:56","modified_gmt":"2021-06-23T01:43:56","slug":"nuoc-mam-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/nuoc-mam-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb c\u00e1, t\u00f4m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbp mu\u1ed1i l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c gia v\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n. T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea7u hay gia v\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n s\u00fap v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt h\u1ea7m.
\nTr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c axit amin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb protein trong th\u1ecbt c\u00e1 qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ef7 ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 enzyme c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong ru\u1ed9t c\u00e1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n.
\nN\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u1edf ngo\u00e0i Vi\u1ec7t Nam
\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 x\u1ee9 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eafm. T\u1eeb m\u1eafm n\u00eam, m\u1eafm ph\u1ec7t, m\u1eafm ru\u1ed1c, m\u1eafm t\u00f4m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eafm l\u00f3c, m\u1eafm s\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4 m\u1eafm, kh\u00f4 m\u1eb7n v.v… cho \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i m\u1eafm \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1eafm n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1 s\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1 kh\u00f4; ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00f2 h\u1ebfn, t\u00f4m cua ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm chay. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1 nguy\u00ean con, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebft hay n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u00e1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam d\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm l\u00ean men ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u00f9i tanh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9i tanh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u00f9i qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u00e9o h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm ch\u00e2u \u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"shottsuru
shottsuru v\u00e0 ishiru \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1 c\u01a1m, mu\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm Th\u00e1i Lan r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng m\u1eafm Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nam pla (\u0e19\u0e49\u0e33\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e32). T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0 l\u1ed9 (\u9b5a\u9732, y\u00fal\u00f9), t\u1ea1i Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean yeotgal (\uc5ff\uac08), t\u1ea1i Indonesia kecap ikan v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Philippines patis. T\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ba lo\u1ea1i m\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; shottsuru(\u3057\u3087\u3063\u3064\u308b) \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Akita, ishiru(\u3044\u3057\u308b) \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Ishikawa, v\u00e0 ikanago-j\u014dyu(\u3044\u304b\u306a\u3054\u91a4\u6cb9) \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Kagawa.
\nB\u00e3 c\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1eafm \u1edf Indonesia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trasi, t\u1ea1i Campuchia prahok (B\u00f2 h\u00f3c) v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1i \u01b0\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u01b0\u1edbp mu\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u1ee5c g\u1ea1nh c\u00e1 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 belacan.
\nM\u1eafm L\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 padek, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"T\u00e0n
T\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng garum La M\u00e3 g\u1ea7n Tarifa, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ti\u1ebfng Latin g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 garum ho\u1eb7c liquamen, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 oxygarum (pha v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5m), meligarum (pha v\u1edbi m\u1eadt ong), v.v. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng Hispania Baetica.
\nTrong ti\u1ebfng Anh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 fish sauce. N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m Worcestershire \u1edf Anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang Anh Qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m garum, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>
\nTi\u00eau ch\u00ed truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1m – \u0111\u1ea1m t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1eadu v\u1ecb ng\u00f2n ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ch\u00e1t, v\u1ecb kh\u00e9. N\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm ngon tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1t k\u00e8m theo h\u1eadu v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1m cao, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tanh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\n

(Theo Wikipedia)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb c\u00e1, t\u00f4m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbp mu\u1ed1i l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6881,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,255,254],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basic-knowledges","category-knowledge","category-news","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-20","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8388\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lienthanh1906.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}